The Bombay Revenue Jurisdiction Act, 1876

) .. 1876: Ac,, X] THE BOMBAY REVENUE .JURISDICTION AtT, 1876 . .. PREAMBLE. CONTENTS. SEC TIO.NS.

This Act may be called the Bombay Revenue Jurisdiction Act, 1876. So much of section 4 as relates to claims to set aside, on the ground of irregularity, mistake or any other ground except fraud, sales for arrears of land revenue, shall come into force in the Presidency of Bombay on such day as the Governor-General in Council directs in that behalf by notification in the Gazette of India. The rest of this Act shall come into force therein on the passing thereof; and it shall extend to the State of Gujarat, but not so as to affect- (b) any of the provisions of Bombay Acts V of 1862 and VI of 1862, or, of Act XXI of 1881 or of Act XXIII of 1871;

In this Act, unless there be something repugnant in the subject or context,- "land" includes the sites of villages, towns and cities: it also includes trees, growing crops and grass, fruit upon, and juice in, trees, rights-of-way, ferries, fisheries and all other benefits to arise out of land, and things attached to the earth or permanently fastened to things attached to the earth: "land-revenue" means all sums and payments in money or in kind, received or claimable by or on behalf of the Government from any person on account of any land held by or vested in him, and any cess or rate authorized by the State Government under the provisions of any law for the time being in force; "Revenue officer" means any officer employed in or about the business of the land revenue, or of the surveys, assessment, accounts or records connected therewith.

(2) to have any entry made in any record of a revenue-survey or settlement, or (3) to have any such entry either omitted or amended; (4) the distribution of land or allotment of land revenue on partition of any estate under Bombay Act IV of 1868 or any other law for the time being in force; to hold land wholly or partially free from payment of land revenue or to receive payments charged on or payable out of any land revenue, or to set aside any cess, rate, premium or penalty imposed, assessed or authorized by the State Government under the provisions of any law for the time being in force, or respecting the occupation of waste or vacant land belonging to the Government; (a) claims against the Government or any revenue officer for remission or suspension of land revenue or for a declaration that crops have failed in any year; (b) suit to set aside or modify decision determining village site or abadi made by the Collector or a survey officer under the Bombay Land Revenue Code, 1879 or by any Revenue Officer under any other law for the time being in force; (c) suit to compel the performance of any duty imposed on any Revenue Officer by or under any law relating to land revenue; (d) Claims regarding boundaries fixed under Bombay Act No. I of 1865, or any other law for the time being in force, or to set aside any order passed by a competent officer under any such law with regard to boundary-marks: Provided that, if any person claim to hold wholly or partially exempt from payment of land-revenue under- (h) any enactment for the time being in force expressly creating an exemption not before existing in favour of an individual or of any class of persons, or expressly confirming such an exemption on the ground of its being shown in a public record, or of its having existed for a specified term of years, or (i) an instrument or sound given by or by order of the State Government under Bombay Act No. II of 1863, section 1, clause first, or Bombay Act No. VII of 1863, section 2, clause first, or (ii) any instrument, sound or other written grant duly given or made by any of the Governments of these territories, which immediately before the commencement of States Reorganisation Act, 1956 were comprised in the States of Saurashtra or Kutch, and which now form the State of Gujarat, or (j) any other written grant by the British Government expressly creating or confirming such exemption, or, (k) a judgment by a Court of law or an adjudication duly passed by a competent officer under Bombay Regulation XVII of 1827, Chapter X, or under Act No. XI of 1852, or any other law for the time being in force, which declares the particular property in dispute to be exempt, such claim shall be cognizable in the Civil Courts. Illustrations to (h). (1) It is enacted that, in the event of the proprietary right of lands, the property of Government, being transferred to individuals, they shall be permitted to hold the lands for ever at the assessment at which they are transferred. The proprietary right in certain lands is transferred to A at an assessment of Rs. 100. An exemption from higher assessment not before existing is expressly created in favour of A by enactment, and he may seek relief in the Civil Court against over-assessment (2) It is enacted that, when a specific limit to assessment has been established and preserved, the assessment shall not exceed such specific limit. A is the owner of land worth Rs. 100 for assessment. He claims to be assessed at Rs. 50 only on the strength of a course of dealing with him and his predecessors under which his land has not been more highly assessed. There is no exemption not before existing created by enactment, and A's claim is not cognizable in a Civil Court. (3) It is enacted that land revenue shall not be leviable from any land held and entered in the land-register as exempt. A claims to hold certain land as exempt on the ground that it has been so held by him, and is so entered in the land-register. This is an exemption expressly confirmed by enactment on the ground of its being shown in a public record, and A's claim is cognizable in a Civil Court. (4) It is enacted that the Collector shall confirm existing exemptions of all lands shown in certain maps to be exempt. A claims exemption, alleging that his land is shown in the maps to be exempt. A's claim is cognizable in a Civil Court. (5) It is enacted that assessment shall be fixed with reference to certain considerations and not with reference to any others. This is not an enactment creating an exemption in favour of any individual or class, and no objection to an assessment under such an enactment is cognizable in a Civil Court.

excess of the amount authorized in that behalf by the State Government or that such amount had, previous to such claim, payment or recovery, been satisfied, in whole or in part or that the plaintiff, or the person whom he represents is not the person liable for such amount: (b) suits between private parties for the purpose of establishing any private right, although it may be affected by any entry in any record of revenue-survey or settlement, or in any village-papers; (c) suits between superior holders or occupants and inferior holders or tenants regarding the dues claimed or recovered from the latter; and nothing in section 4, clause (g), shall be held to prevent the Civil Courts from entertaining suits, other than suits against the Government for possession of any land being a whole survey-number or a recognized share of a survey-number; and nothing in section 4 shall be held to prevent the Civil Courts in the districts mentioned in the Second Schedule hereto annexed from exercising such jurisdiction as, according to the terms of any law in force on the twenty-eighth day of March 1876, they would have exercised over claims against the Government- (a) relating to any property appertaining to the office of any hereditary officer appointed or recognized under Bombay Act No. III of 1874 or any other law for the time being in force, or of any other village officer or servant; (b) to hold land wholly or partially free from payment of land revenue; (c) to receive payments charged on, or payable out of the land revenue.

Revenue-officers shall not be liable to be sued for damages in any Civil Court for any Act bona fide done or ordered to be done by them as such in pursuance of the provisions of any law for the time being in force. If any Revenue-officer absconds or does not attend when called on by his official superior, and if the Collector of the district proceeds against him or his sureties for public money, papers or property according to the provisions of any law for the time being in force, such Collector shall not be liable to pay damages or costs in any suit brought against him by such officer or sureties although it appears that a part only, or no part whatever, of the sum demanded was due from the officer so absconding or failing to attend, or that he was not in possession of the papers or property demanded of him.

Nothing in any law for the time being in force which authorises the punishment departmentally of any Revenue-officer for any offence or breach of duty, or which sanctions his prosecution criminally for such offence or breach shall be held to bar any remedy which may be had in the Civil Court against such officer.

No Civil Court shall entertain any suit against the Government on account of any act or omission of any Revenue-officer unless the plaintiff first proves that previously to bringing his suit he has presented all such appeals allowed by the law for the time being in force, as within the period of limitation allowed for bringing such suit, it was possible to present.

If, in the trial or investigation of any suit, claim or objection which, but for the passing of this Act, might have been tried or investigated by a Civil Court there arises any question on which the State Government desires to have the decision of the High Court, the State Government may cause a statement of the question to be prepared, and may refer such question for the decision of the High Court of Gujarat. The said High Court shall fix an early day for the hearing of the question referred, and cause notice of such day to be placed in the court-house. The parties to the case may appear and be heard in the High Court in person or by their advocates or pleaders. The High Court, when it has heard and considered the case, shall send a copy of its decision, with the reasons therefore, under the seal of the Court, to the Government by which the reference was made, and, subject to any appeal which may be presented to the Supreme Court, the case shall be disposed of conformably to such decision. If the High Court considers that any such statement is imperfectly framed, the High Court may return it for amendment. The costs (if any) consequent on any such reference shall be dealt with as the High Court in each case directs.

If in any suit instituted, or in any appeal presented, in a Civil Court, the Judge doubts whether he is precluded by this Act from taking cognizance of the suit or appeal, he may refer the matter to the High Court. The High Court may order the Judge making the reference either to proceed with the case or to return the plaint. The order of the High Court on any such reference shall be subject to appeal to the Supreme Court, and, save as aforesaid, shall be final.

Every reference under section 12 or section 13 shall be heard by a Bench consisting of such number of Judges, not less than three, as the Chief Justice from time to time directs.

[Amendment of Section 32 of Act XIV of 1869]

Wherever any suit is brought in any Court of a subordinate judge of the first class against the Government or against any Revenue Officer, and the Government undertakes the defence thereof, it shall be lawful for the State Government, by certificate signed by a Secretary thereto, to require that the trial of any such suit shall have precedence over the trial of any other suit or other civil proceeding then pending in the Court of the first class subordinate judge, or, if the suit is transferred, in the Court of the District Judge; and the Court shall give effect to every such requirement. The privilege conferred on the State Government by this section shall, mutatis mutandis, apply to any appeal or special appeal against any decree in any such suit as is described in this section.

[First clause. Revival of section 13 of Bom. Reg. XVII of 1827.] Repealed by Act XV of 1880; but the repeal does not operate in any scheduled district unless and until the Bombay Land Revenue Code (Bom. V of 1879) has been extended to such district. [Second clause. Operation of Bom. Reg. XVII of 1827 in sites of villages and towns.] Rep. Act, XV of 1880. [Third clause. Recovery of certain advances made by Local Government.] Rep. Act, XV of 1880.

An exemption from 1igherasses.-sn.eut not bf.f, ,r, .. ·x· ,, in~ L ':-qir~ly creat~ in favour of A by enactment, aud he may f.!1.;ek rolitrf in thu Civil Court agi~ir ot over-assessment • (2} It is enactod that, when a specific limit to nssesm1c•nt has bc·en cstn.hfo•hcd and prcsorvod, the as::.ui-.smout shn.11 not cxc00<l 1:moh spocific limit. A is tho ownor

of laud worth Rs. 100 for u.sst>.SS~f.·nt .. Ha ~lu.ims to. lie assc&>ed at RE!. 50 only

on thu str"'ngth of a course of dealing with him aud his pI'(,'<ic<;t,sson; llliuur wluth 1 The woz'(h "Provincial Government" were aub.qtituted forthev.·ortlli "Governor of BCJJllba:Yill Council" by the Alla.ptatiou of Indian Lav.s Oidcr in Council. • S Thi1t w ord was eubstitut.ed for the v.ord "Prm mci1tl" by tbt-.Adnrtatior1 of La'I>~ Ouln 19(;0

3 Clauee (ii ) wa. i.neerted by Bom. 41' of 1%9. s. 4 (ir)(a). ' •

~ rno H<>rdi .. H lyerabad, ~a1lhya PrAJesh •. were deleted by the Gujarat Adaptati<1n of Law (Siate and Concurrent Subj<>ots) Order. l 91JO. • 6 The11e 'll'Orda were aubl<f.ituted for the wc,r.ii; "Slate of Bon:ba) ", ifid. 6 Bom. 4of1868, Bom.l of 1806 (e'XCopL s~. :'l7 and 38), a1.ol Br.m. Rei;e.17 of 1$27 are rcpealrcl by lh.e Bombay Land Riwenu" Code, 1879 (1lom. V •>f 1870). in 1trN111 m "loirl tl•1· lat,j<'t A.ct foin Curi·e Ss. 37 and 38 of Born. l ofl865 are repealed so far u th11.v apply to .AD) ,-i.llage Jn the RauiaS(lti or ih~ K ola.ha Datriot1 to which the Khoti Settlement Act, 1850 ( B1•m. l of lf~l•), ('l.kud• or Ii extendllCI.

7 Bombav R"'nt-free Eatates Act. 1Sll2.

I n ... Words were illlened by Bom. 48 of 1969, •· 4 (it1)(6).

124 Bombay Ret•enue Jmisdiction Act, 1876 [1876 : Act. X his 11\nd hns not boon morn liighly aSEofi~Nl. Thorn is no ex('mption not before

exi:;ting creatod by onn.clm•·ur , and A's <:l<'l.iru is not cognizable in a Civil Court.

1. (3) It is ennotud that luutl rev\·nui• shnll not bo leviable from uny land held Mid tiatvrod iH tha laucl-1"l.tgi .... h·1~ us ·~.xt•mr.t. A claims to hold certain land as o.x.tiinp1 on tho ~rround t.lu1t it has b<hlu s" hehl by him, aud is so l·ntorcd in the fand-r<:gist\ r . Thi::. is an f•xomptiun t•xpressly confirmed by (·nactmont on the ground uf it!! bning shown iu u. public record, a.nd A '1:1 clo.im is coguizaLlu in a Civil Cuurt.
2. (4) It is Pna.uted that tho C1Jl!octor ~.hall conlirm exist mg (•Xemp1 ions of rul lanus shown iu certain mups to be ex• mpt. .11 cli.ims <>xemption, alleging that hiA land is tihowu iu tho maps to b11 t'Xempt. A 'a claim is coguizablo in a Civil Court. (.5) It is 011r.cteu that at1ses~mcut sLall be fixed with referenco to c~rtain con-

:;id1·mticms and n.01 with reforonce to 01 };eri;. This is not an e11u.ctmant crt1ating

an ex1.1mptio1i in favvur of any individu1tl or class, ••nd no ohjeotion to an asst\68- mont uuder sud1 im ouactment is cognizable in a Ci\iil Court.

Bav~ of 6. Nolhing in section 4 shall be held to prevent the Civil Courts from enter-

"''-in •wt.a. taining the following suits:

1. (a) s11:t:0 If ngainst thu 2[Governme1.t] to contt'>st the amount claimed, or paid un- der prote:;t,vr recovered, r.s land revtmue, un the ground that su<·h amount 1.8 in •

1 'rhtt word.a "Bge.in<1i t.hc Crown" wero aubntit,11ted for tb11 worJs "again1t. GoYemment."

t.he Adaptation of Indian La'l'lt< Or1Jer ill Cc1:mcil. 2 Thi• word wae 111:b.stl•11t«l for the word· Crown" b;> the Ada11tation ofLa'lll• Order, JH ti

Replacement Series No. V-p. 23 12lS 1876 : Act X] Bombay RetJenue Jurisdfotion Act, 1876 excess of the nmow1t r.uthorizecl in that bel111lf l[by the 2[State] GoYernment] or that such amount l1 ... 1l, pTevfous to such claim, payment or recovery, been satisfied, in whole or in p:ut or that the plaintiff, <'r the person wbom he repn~1:1ents is not tho person liable for mch omnllnt: (b} suits between 11rivnte parties for the puq1ose of e1<lablishing any private right, although it mny be uffectcd by any entry in auy record of revenue- eurvey or seUlt'ment. or in any villugc-papers;

1. (c) suit.a between supel'ior holders or uccupanis and inferior holders or te- nnrits regarding the dn<'s d11imed or recovered from the latter; and nothing in 8ection 4, du me (g), shall be held to prevent the Civil Courts :from entertaining suits, otber than suits 3[ngainst the "[Govenn.1entJ for possession of any land being a whole survey-number or a recognized share of a. survey-number; ti[and nothing in sectio11 4 shall be held to prevent the Civil Courts in the districts mentioned in the Second Schedule hereto annexed from exercising such jurisdiction as, according to the tennll of any law in forreon thetwcrty-eighthdayofMarch 1876, they aoul1l have exercised over claims S[ngainst the 4[Q1:ivernment]-
2. (a) relating to any property a.ppertaining to the office of any hereditary officer appointe<l or recngnized under 6Doipbny Act No. Ill of 1874 orany other law for the time being in force, or of any other village officer or servant;
3. (b) to hold land wholly or pnriially free from paynwnt of land revenue;
4. (c) to receive payments charged on, or payable out cf the land revenue.] 6. Revenuc-ofiicera 11hnll not be liable to be suied for damages in any Civil Barofce~ain Court for any Act bona fide done or ordered to be done by them as such in Ruits again•t pursuance of the proYisionl! of any law for the time bein~ in force. om:!~~- If any, Revenue-officer o.bsconds or docs not attend wlten called on by h.is official superior, and if the Collector of the district proceeds against him or his sureties for public money, prpers or property according to the provisions of any law for the time being in force, such Collector f!hnll not be liable to pay damages or costs in a.ny suit brought against him by such officer or sureties although it appears that a part only, or no part whntever, of the sum demanded was due from the officer so absconding or failing to attend, or that he was not in pn~session of the papers or property demanded of him.

7. Nothing in any law for the time being in force which authorises the punish-Punillhnient

meut derartmentally of any Revenue-officer for any offitncc or breach of duty, 0£~ eeut10

or which sanctious his prosecution criminally for such offince or breach shall be ~mc:;;,c~~e

held to bar any remedy which may be had in the Civil Court again11t such officer. bar to. ch"il S . . R ,n,· l ,, h . d. nmedics .

. io 10. [ uits against etJenttr-oJJicers; awa 8 J1'0fn t ctr 'fi1'QC('e tngs; pou

er jOf' Local Govemment to call f<Yt rec-Ord.] Rep. Act, XV of 1880. 11. No Civil Court shall entertain any suit S[nizainst the ' [Govemmeni] on Suitsnotto acco1mt of nuv act or omission of any Revenue-officer unless the plaintiff first bcenterta~n• <

allowed by the law for the t,ime being in force, as vrithin the period of limitation uetcd rip;M allowed for bringing such suit, it wns possible to present. of appelll. 1 The word~ "bv th~ Provincial Government" were 111betituted for the word• "by GoYerrunent" by th~ Adaptation of Inrlian L11w1< Ordf'r in Council. 2 Thia word waA a11bstit11t1•J for the won) "Provintlnl" hy the Ad111 t11tio11 d L a .. B O:rdl'r, lflllO.

3 Tb." wor<l8 "ag11.in~t tho Crown" wPn substituted for the words "rgainsi GoHrnmt>nt" l•) tho

Atl&ptation of Indian T..aws Ordl'r in Countil. . 4 Thia word Wl\ff 9ubrtitut<'•I for the word "Crown" b) the Adaptat1<'n of Lawe Ordtr. 1960. 6 Thl paragupb waa added by the Bomba y Ilevtnuc Juri1did1on (Ame11dD1tnt) Act , 18i7 ( 16 of 18'77). 8 The Bombay Hereditary Ot!lc'9 A.et. ]1-808-I

12() Bot1tbay Rct•entte Juriscli<.:ti<>n Ad, 1876

[117t : Act X

rower or 3[.:,uito] Govtrnml'nt to ref er qneet i11n1 for <ll'l'i•io11 of Uii;h Cou1·t. 12. If. in the trial or invest igntion of nny suit, claim or objection which, but for the passing of this Ac.-t, might have b~u tried or inwtitigated by a Civil Court there arises any questiou on '\'l1icb I* * *the 2[ 3LState] (foyernment) dc11ires to 1.:we t he dcci11icin of tl1e 1Jigl1 Conrt. l* * * tli13 !!l 3lStnte] Government] 4* * * nmy ca\lsc a statement of the ques- tion to he p1·epared, and may refer such qnt?:;tion !'or the decision of the High Court 6Lof Gujarat]. '11lic said High Court shall fix an early tlny for ih11 hearing of the question referred, and cause notice of sn1:h lluy to bt• plnC'cd in tho rnurt-house. TLe 11artics to ihe cai;c may appcur und bt• }lt'arcl in the High Court in p<'rson or by th•·ir advocates or pleaders. The Hi~h Court, when it Las heaul and conai<lcrd the case, shall send a oupy of its tlcc-ision, mtli the renROns therclore. um.lcr the Eeal of the Court, to the Govcmmcnt by which the reference was int<le. and, sul1jec·t to any ~ppeal "'hich may be presented to CJ[the Supl'.eme Cotut], the <'ase shall le diPpcsed of conformably to such decision. If the High Court: consider; thnt any such t:latC'mrnt is imperfectly framed, the lligh Court may return it for amendment. The costs (if any) consequent on any such r<'fercuce shall be dealt with as the High Court in eac}1 case directs. Pow<>r of 13. Tf in any suit institutrd, or iu any appeul i1ret1ente<l, in a. Civil Court, the Civil .rnilg,, Judge cluubts whether he is prec1u<lcu hy this Act from taking coanizance cf to r11f<.1 •111<•· ~ tione of Juris. the suit <.>r appeal, he may refer the matter to the High Court. diction to Ulgll Court. CompoRit.ion of Hench. The High. Court IllilY orde1 the J udgo making the rference either t-0 proceed with the case or to return tl1e pluint. The order of t11e High Cou.rt on uny such tcfcnmc:c Hhn.Jl be euhjt•ct to appeal to 6(the Supreme Court], and, save ;is aforesaid, shull be final]. 14. Every reference under section 12 or Sl'otion 13 shall be heard by a Bench co11sisting of such number of Judges, not lt•ss thrm three, us tho Chief Justice from time to time directs. • 15. [Amendme??t of Section 32 of Act XIV of 1869.] Rr11. Act I ef 1938 • .----,,.....,---------~--------------------- l Th" wor..l;. "thi, GovcrnQr Gcntral in C-ouncil t>r" \H't•• omitkd l1y the Ac!aphtiili of Imlir11 Law11 Orikr in C-Ouncil. -2 Tho words "ProvincialGovc·rnml'nt" were eubetitutod fm th11 word~ "L~·cl Ouvcmtr<'nt'' ibid. 3 Thia word was substituted for th~ word "Pro\·iJml" by the Adaptntkn d J,r."11\'l! Order, 19li(l.

4 Tim wor.b "a¥ the CllSll may be" were omithd hy ttw Aday•tation of Jndinn L•'IOf Or<ltr

it1 <'ouucil. S Th'.!$" wonl~ w1>re substituted for tb_e w~rr!s .. ,,f .J11dic11ture at Bomh) ., t.y lb< Gujarat Ad•]'" tution of' L11w11 {:)tale 1md Coucurrc·Dt i:lubJPl:'l~) Ord• r, 1~6<1.

6 Tht»u wor<l11 weTe euL:Jtitutod for the wurtle "H('t M11jo:~ty in Counol" l .> Ul< Adspe.ti(!D of

Luw11 Onlt:r, 1960.

1876 : Act. X]

Bomnay Ret~ntie J1.1risdictfon Act, 1876

the first clai:;s ll[against the 3[Govemment] '* * * or against any Revenue the l fGovern- Officer, "Land, the 3[Government]

• • * * un<lt•rtakes] the defence thereof, it ~en~J • •

shall be lawful 6[for the S[State] Government]. by certificate signed by a Secre· in suite

tary thereto, to require that the trial of any such suit shall have precedence ~eknded by over the trial of any other suit or other civil proceeding then pending in the •t. Court of the first class subordinate judge, or, if t.l.ie suit is transferred, in the Oo1trt of the District Judge; and the Court i;hull give effect to every such re- quirement. The privilege uonferred 7[on the B[StateJ Government] by this section shall, mutatis tm1tandis, apply t.o any appeal or special appeal against any decree in any such suit a8 is described in this section. 17. [First clause. Revit-al of section 13 of Bom. Rig. XVII of 1827.] Repealed by Act XV ovf 1880; but the repeal does net operate in any scheduled district unle.~s <md until the Bombay Lerna Ret•tmue Code (Booi. V of 1879) ha~ ~'1£ emnded to such district. [Second clczuse. Opration of Bom. Reg. XVII of 1827 in site& of tJt·lla~8 and towns.] R"P· Act, XV of 1880. [Third clause. Recovery of certain ad1xmces made by Local Government.] Rep. ACI. Z V of 1880.

l S. 10 w~ substituted for the original h~· eeetion 2 uf Born. 21 of 1929.

:l Th•l w.:>r<h "agaU1.11~ the Ccown or the Federal Railway Authority" were aubstituk·d for tlae w.)rds "ag-.1n1t Governmenf' by the Adapn.tion uJ lndian Lawe Order in Council. 3 r!Ue worq was sub~titutcd for the word "Crown" by tho Adaptation of La,.·11 Oeder, 19GO,

4 Tiiu wor<la "or tho Federal Railway Authority" wero omitted by the Indian Indl'pendcnoe

( • .\ hptati?n of Central Act.; and Ordinances) Order. 1948. 6 l'h~ ""rJs "11m.I the Orown or tho Federal Railway Autb.otlty IUldertakM" were aubetiwMd f 1r tb.11 w11r1ls ''aud the GJvemment undertakes" by tho Adaptation of Indian Laws Order in Council. 6 The words "for tho Provintil Government" were aub~titutcd for tlle words "for the Govern• llUlllt", tbia. 7 The words "on tho Provino.ia.1 Govcrnnl!'nt" wcro 111batit11tt-d for the worde "on Government" , by the Ad"pta.tion of lnJian. Laws Order in Co1inoiL 8 r~;, wore.I W<l¥ ub.Ut.uted fort.be word ••&o.ill61&1" l>y t'be MlllpW.tion of Law1 Order , 1989,

, 1~8 'IJombay Bcwn .. Jwmdicti<m ~d, 1'87~