Constitutional Writs & Fundamental Rights (Articles 32 & 226)

5 steps · 2 deadlines

Step by step

1. 1

   Habeas Corpus ('Have the body')

   Issued against public authorities or private individuals who illegally detain a person without authority of law. Demands immediate release of the detainee.

   Article 32 →Article 226 →
2. 2

   Mandamus ('We Command')

   Issued to command any public authority, tribunal, or government agency to perform a mandatory statutory/public duty they have failed or refused to perform.

   Article 32 →Article 226 →
3. 3

   Prohibition ('To Forbid')

   Issued by a superior court to a subordinate court or quasi-judicial tribunal to prevent it from exceeding its jurisdiction or usurping authority before final order.

   Article 32 →Article 226 →
4. 4

   Certiorari ('To be certified')

   Issued to quash an order already passed by a lower judicial or quasi-judicial body on grounds of excess of jurisdiction, lack of jurisdiction, or violation of natural justice.

   Article 32 →Article 226 →
5. 5

   Quo Warranto ('By what authority')

   Issued to inquire into the legality of a person holding a substantive public office created by statute/Constitution. Ousts usurpers who lack requisite qualifications.

   Article 32 →Article 226 →