Chapter XIII MISCELLANEOUS

1. (1) Every person who exercises any right in a reserved or protected forest, or who is permitted to take any forest-produce from, or to cut and remove timber or to pasture cattle in, such forest, and every person who is employed by any such person in such forest, and every person in any village contiguous to such forest who is employed by the1Government], or who receives emoluments from the1[Government] for services to be performed to the community,shall be bound to furnish without unnecessary delay to the nearest Forest-officer or Police-officer any information he may possess respecting the commission of, or intention to commit, any forest-offence, and shall forthwith take steps, whether so required by any Forest-officer or Police officer or not,--
   • (a) to extinguish any forest fire in such forest of which he has knowledge or information;
   • (b) to prevent by any lawful means in his power any fire in the vicinity of such forest of which he has knowledge or information from spreading to such forest,and shall assist any Forest-officer or Police-officer demanding his aid--
   • (c) in preventing the commission in such forest of any forest-offence; and
   • (d) when there is reason to believe that any such offence has been committed in such forest in discovering and arresting the offender.
2. (2) Any person who, being bound so to do, without lawful excuse (the burden of proving which shall lie upon such person) fails--
   • (a) to furnish without unnecessary delay to the nearest Forest-officer or Police-officer any information required by sub-section (1);
   • (b) to take steps as required by sub-section (1), to extinguish any forest fire in a reserved or protected forest;
   • (c) to prevent, as required by sub-section (1), any fire in the vicinity of such forest from spreading to such forest; or
   • (d) to assist any Forest-officer or Police-officer demanding his aid in preventing the commission in such forest of any forest-offence, or, when there is reason to believe that any such offence has been committed in such forest, in discovering and arresting the offender; shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to two hundred rupees, or with both. STATE AMENDMENT Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh (UTs).-- Section 79.-In sub-section (2), in the long line, for the words shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to two hundred rupees substitute the words, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to two thousand rupees. Section 79A to 79C.-After section 79, insert the following sections, namely:- 79-A. Penalty for unauthorisedly taking possession of land constituted as reserved or protected forest.-(1) Any person who unauthorisedly takes or remains in possession of any land in areas constituted as reserved forest or protected forest under section 20 or section 29 as the case may be, may, without prejudice to any other action that may be taken against him under any other provision of this Act, be summarily ejected by order of a forest officer not below the rank of a Divisional Forest Officer and any crop which may be standing on such land or any building or other work which he may have constructed thereon, if not removed by him within such time as such forest officer may fix, shall be liable to forfeiture: Provided that no order of ejectment under this sub-section shall be passed unless the person proposed to be ejected is given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause why such an order should not be passed.
3. (2) Any property so forfeited shall be disposed of in such manner as the forest officer may direct and the cost of removal of any crop, building or other work and, of all works necessary to restore the land to its original condition shall be recoverable from such person in the manner provided in section 82.
4. (3) Any person aggrieved by an order of the forest officer under sub-section (1) may, within sixty days from the date of such order prefer an appeal by petition in writing to the concerned Chief Conservator of Forests in person or through a duly authorized agent and such petition shall be accompanied by a certified copy of the order appealed against.
5. (4) On receipt of the appeal and after summoning the parties and perusing the record of the proceedings, the Chief Conservator of Forests shall fix a date and convenient place for hearing the appeal and shall give notice thereof to the parties, and shall hear the appeal accordingly.
6. (5) The order passed on the appeal by the Chief Conservator of Forests shall be final. 79B. Summary action by Deputy Commissioner in fire cases.- If in any case under clauses (a) and (b) of sub-section (1) of section 79, it appears to the Deputy Commissioner of the district within which the forest concerned is situated after local enquiry made in a summary and administrative manner, either by himself, or through a Tehsildar deputed by him for the purpose, that any such person or village or other community has neglected to give such information or to render such assistance as is required thereby, he may impose a fine not exceeding one thousand rupees on, as well as direct payment of compensation for damage to Governments property by, such person, village or other community or such individual member of such village or other community as may be determined in consultation with the Divisional Forest Officer and all fines imposed under this section shall be recoverable as arrears of land revenue. 79C. Appeal against order of Deputy Commissioner.- An appeal against every order passed under section 79B may be made to the concerned Divisional Commissioner whose decision thereon shall be final. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, Order No. S.O.3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).] Uttar Pradesh Amendment of section 79--In section 79 of the principal Act, for the words "one month, or fine which may extend to five hundred rupees", the words "one year, or with fine which may extend to two thousand rupees", shall be substituted. [Vide Uttar Pradesh Act 1 of 2001, s. 19]

80. Management of forests the joint property of 2[Government] and other persons.--(1) If the 2[Government] and any person be jointly interested in any forest or waste-land, or in the whole or any part of the produce thereof, the 1[State Government] may either--

1. (a) undertake the management of such forest, waste-land or produce, accounting to such person for his interest in the same; or
2. (b) issue such regulations for the management of the forest, waste-land or produce by the person so jointly interested as it deems necessary for the management thereof and the interests of all parties therein.

1. (2) When the 3[State Government] undertakes under clause (a) of sub-section (1) the management of any forest, waste-land or produce, it may, by notification in the4[Official Gazette] , declare that any of the provisions contained in Chapters II and IV shall apply to such forest, waste-land or produce, and thereupon such provisions shall apply accordingly. STATE AMENDMENTS Uttar Pradesh Insertion of new section 80-A in Act XIV of 1927--After section 80 of Indian Forest Act 1927, the following shall be added as a new section 80-A: "80-A. The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare that any of the provisions of or under this Act, shall apply to all or any or any land on the banks of canals or the sides of roads which are the property, of the State Government or a local authority and thereupon such provisions shall apply accordingly." [Vide Uttar Pradesh Act XVIII of 1951, s. 2] Maharashtra.-- Insertion of new section 80--A in Act XVI of 1927.--After section 80 of the said act, the following section shall be inserted namely:-- "80-A. Power of Government to apply provisions of this Act to pertain lands of Government or local authority.--The State Government, may be notification in the Official Gazette, declare that any of the provisions of this act shall apply to all or any lands on the banks of canals or the sides of roads which are the property of the State Government or a local authority and thereupon such provisions shall apply to such lands accordingly." [Vide Bombay Act XXIV of 1955, s. 6]

81. Failure to perform service for which a share in produce of 2[Government] forest is employed.--If any person be entitled to a share in the produce of any forest which is the property of 2[Government] or over which the 2[Government] has proprietary rights or to any part of the forestproduce of which the Government is entitled upon the condition of duly performing any service connected with such forest, such share shall be liable to confiscation in the event of the fact being established to the satisfaction of the1[State Government] that such service is no longer so performed: Provided that no such share be confiscated until the person entitled thereto, and the evidence, if any, which he may produce in proof of the due performance of such service, have been heard by an officer duly appointed in that behalf by the1[State Government] .

All money payable to the Government under this Act, or under any rule made under this Act, or on account of the price of any forest-produce, or of expenses incurred in the execution of this Act in respect of such produce, may, if not paid when due, be recovered under the law for the time being in force as if it were an arrear of land-revenue. STATE AMENDMENTS Maharashtra Amendment of section 82 of Act 16 of 1927.--In section 82 of the principal Act, the words and figures "or on account of compensation or value of property agreed to be paid under section 68" shall be deleted. [Vide Maharashtra Act 21 of 2015, s. 20]. Orissa Amendment of section 82, (16 of 1927).--For section 82 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927), the following section shall be substituted, namely:-- "82. All money, other than fines, payable to the State Government under this Act, or any rules made thereunder, or on account of timber or other forest produce, or of expenses incurred in the execution of this Act in respect of timber or other forest produce, or under any contract relating to timber and other forest produce including any sum recoverable thereunder for the breach thereof, or in consequence of its cancellation, or under the terms of a notice relating to the sale of timber or other forest produce by auction or by invitation of tenders, issued by or under the authority of a Forest Officer and all compensation awarded to the State Government under this Act, may, if not paid when due, be recovered, under the law for the time being in force, as if it were an arrear of land-revenue." [Vide the Orissa Act 25 of 1952, s. 2] Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh (UTs).-- Section 82.-For section 82, substitute the following section, namely:- "82. Recovery of money due to Government.- All money payable to the Government under this Act or under any rule made under this Act, or on account of the price of timber, or other forest produce, or of expenses incurred in execution of this Act in respect of timber and other forest produce, or under any contract relating to timber and other forest produce including any sum recoverable there under for breach thereof, or in consequence of its cancellation, or under the terms of a notice relating to the sale of timber or other forest produce by auction or by invitation of tenders, issued by or under authority of a forest officer and all compensation awarded to the Government under this Act shall, if not paid when due, be recovered, under the law for the time being in force, as if it were an arrear of land revenue. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O.3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).] Section 82-A to 82-H.-After section 82, insert the following sections, namely:- 82-A. Recovery of penalties due under a bond.-When in respect of any forest lease any person binds himself by any bond or instrument to perform any duty or act, or covenants by any bond or instrument that he, or that he and his servant and agents will abstain from any act, the whole sum mentioned in such bond or instrument as the amount to be paid in case of a breach of the conditions thereof shall notwithstanding anything in section 74 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, be recovered from him in case of such breach as if it were an arrear of land revenue. 82-B. Restoration of advantage or benefit or payment of compensation.--Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or in the Indian Contract Act, 1872, or in any other law for the time being in force,--

1. (a) where any transaction or lease relating to sale of forest produce or extraction of timber from any forest is or is discovered to be void only on the ground that the transaction or lease is not in conformity with the provisions of article 299 of the Constitution of India or any order or direction issued thereunder, any person who has received any advantage or has enjoyed any benefit by virtue of such transaction or lease shall be bound to restore it or to make compensation for it, to the person or party from whom he received it;
2. (b) the extent of any advantage or benefit or the amount of compensation payable in lieu thereof, referred to in clause (a), shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of this Act and the value of the advantage or benefit or the amount of compensation so determined shall be recoverable as arrears of land revenue. 82-C. Constitution of Authority.-For the purposes of determining the extent of advantage or benefit or the value thereof or the amount of compensation under section 82-B, the Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir shall, by notification in the Official Gazette, constitute, as and when necessary, an Authority consisting of one or more members having such qualification and experience and on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed and where the Authority consists of more than one member, one of them may be appointed as Chairperson thereof. 82-D. Powers of the Authority.-(1) The Authority shall, for purposes of holding inquiry for determining the extent of advantage or benefit or value thereof or the amount of compensation, as the case may be, under section 82-B, have all the powers of a civil court while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 in respect of the following matters, namely:-
3. (a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person or witness and examining him on oath or solemn affirmation;
4. (b) requiring the discovery or production of any document relating to the subject matter of inquiry;
5. (c) receiving evidence on affidavits;
6. (d) requisitioning any public record or copy thereof relating to the subject matter of inquiry from any court or office; and
7. (e) issuing commissions for examination of witnesses, documents or other books of accounts relating to the subject matter of inquiry.

1. (2) The Authority shall also have power to issue a commission to such person as it considers fit for local investigation which may be requisite or proper for the purpose of elucidating any matter which is the subject matter of inquiry or of ascertaining the market value of any property.
2. (3) The person directed to execute a commission for any purpose under this section shall have all the powers of a commissioner appointed by a Civil Court in pursuance of the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908).
3. (4) The Authority shall have the power to pass such orders as it thinks fit for the seizure, attachment, management, preservation, interim custody or sale of any forest produce or timber (wherever it may be in the State) which may be the subject matter of proceedings before it including the appointment of a receiver for any of the aforesaid purposes. 82-E. Restriction on alienation.-(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for the time being in force,-
   • (a) where at any stage of the inquiry, the Authority is satisfied by affidavit or otherwise that a person liable to restore any advantage or benefit or to pay compensation in lieu thereof under any transaction or lease referred to in section 82-B, is likely to alienate his movable or immovable property with intent to evade payment or to defeat the recovery, of the advantage or benefit or the value thereof or the amount of compensation, that may be determined by him, it may by order in writing direct that such person shall not alienate his movable and immovable property or such portion thereof, as it may specify in the order, during the pendency of the inquiry;
   • (b) any alienation of property made in contravention of any order or direction issued under clause (a) shall be void, and no transferee of such property shall be deemed to have acquired any right, title or interest therein. Explanation.-For the purposes of this section "alienation" includes mortgage, sale, gift, bequest, benami transaction, family settlement or any other mode of transfer of any right, title or interest in the property.
4. (2) For removal of doubts it is hereby declared that restrictions imposed under this section on the rights conferred by clause (1) of article 19 of the Constitution of India shall be deemed to be reasonable restrictions. 82-F. Procedure to be followed by the Authority.--(1) The Authority shall, subject to any rules made by the Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in this behalf, have power to regulate its own procedure in all matters arising out of or connected with the discharge of its functions, in consonance with the principles of natural justice.
5. (2) The parties shall have a right of being represented by counsel. 82-G. Appeal.-(1) Any person aggrieved by a final order of the Authority, determining the extent of advantage or benefit or value thereof or the amount of compensation under section 82-B, may, within thirty days of the date of the order, file an appeal against such order before the High Court and every such appeal shall be heard by a Division Bench of the High Court.
6. (2) No other order of the Authority shall be appealable.
7. (3) The order of the Authority shall, subject to the decision of the High Court under sub-section (1) in appeal, be final and shall be deemed to be a certificate within the meaning of section 90 of the Jammu and Kashmir Land Revenue Act, 1996.
8. (4) No further appeal shall lie against the decision of the High Court. 82-H. Exclusion of jurisdiction of Civil Court. No Civil Court shall have jurisdiction to entertain any suit or other proceeding in respect of any matter which the Authority has taken cognizance of under section 82-B. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).] Uttar Pradesh Substituted of section 82--For section 82 of the principal Act, the following section shall be, substituted, namely:-- "82. Recovery of money due to State Government.--All money, other than fines, payable to the State Government under this Act or under any rule made thereunder or on account of the price of any forest produce or any agricultural crop grown on land owned by the State Government in a reserved or protected forest or under any contract relating to forest produce or said agricultural crop, including any sum recoverable thereunder for breach thereof, or in consequence of its cancellation, or under the terms of a notice relating to the sale of such agricultural crop or other forest produce by auction or by invitation of tenders issued by or under the authority of a Forest Officer and all compensation awarded to the State Government under this Act, may, if not paid when due, be recovered, under the law for the time being in force, as if it were an arrear of land revenue." [Vide Uttar Pradesh Act 1 of 2001, s. 20] Uttarakhand.-- Substitution of section 82.--For section 82 of the principal act the following sections shall be substituted, namely:-- "82. Recovery of money due to State Government.--All money, other than fines, payable to the State Government under this Act or under this Act or under any rule made thereunder or on account of the price of any forest produce or any agricultural crop grown on land owned by the state Government in a reserved or protected forest or under any contract relating to forest produce or said agricultural crop, including any sum recoverable thereunder for breach thereof, or in consequence of its cancellation, or under the terms of a notice relating to the sale of such agricultural crop or other forest produce by auction or by invitation of tenders issued by or under the authority of a Forest Officer and all compensation awarded to the state Government under this Act, may, if not paid when due, be recovered, under the law for the time being in force, as if it were an arrear of land-revenue.". [Vide Uttarkhand Act 10 of 2002, s. 19] Maharashtra.-- Amendment of section 82 of Act XVI of 1927.--In section 82 of the principal Act, after the words "such produce", the words and figures "or on account of compensation or value of property agreed to be paid under section 68" shall be inserted. [Vide Maharashtra Act VI of 1961, s. 16]

1. (1) When any such money is payable for or in respect of any forest-produce, the amount thereof shall be deemed to be a first charge on such produce, and such produce may be taken possession of by a Forest-officer until such amount has been paid.
2. (2) If such amount is not paid when due, the Forest-officer may sell such produce by public auction, and the proceeds of the sale shall be applied first in discharging such amount.
3. (3) The surplus, if any, if not claimed within two months from the date of the sale by the person entitled thereto, shall be forfeited to [Government]. STATE AMENDMENT Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh (UTs).-- Section 83A. -- After section 83, insert the following section, namely:-- 83A. Restriction on alienation.(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Transfer of Property Act 1882, or in any other law for the time being in force, no property offered by a forest lessee or by any other person on behalf of a forest lessee, as security for payment of royalty, interest, compensation, penalty or any other amount chargeable from the forest lessee, under any lease deed, bond or instrument shall be alienated without the previous permission of the Government of Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, till such time as the Chief Conservator of Forests certifies that such forest lessee has duly performed all the obligations devolving upon him under such lease deed, bond or instrument.
4. (2) Any alienation of property made in contravention of sub-section (1) shall be void, and no transferee of such property shall be deemed to have acquired any right, title or interest therein.
5. (3) Any amount of royalty, interest, compensation or penalty or any other sum falling due from a forest lessee under any lease deed, bond or instrument shall be recoverable as arrears of land revenue in accordance with the law for the time being in force, from the property offered by him or on his behalf as security and from any other movable or immovable property owned by the forest lessee. Explanation.-- For the purposes of this section,
   • (a) "alienation" includes sale, gift, exchange, bequest, mortgage, benami transaction, family settlement or any other mode of transfer of any right, title or interest therein or creation of any encumbrance threreon;
   • (b) the expression "forest lessee" shall be construed to mean a person in whose favour a right to convert and remove forest produce from any forest has been granted under any lease deed, bond or instrument.
6. (4) For removal of doubts it is hereby declared that restriction imposed under this section on the rights conferred by clause (1) of article 19 of the Constitution of India shall be deemed to be reasonable restrictions. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).]

Whenever it appears to the State Government that any land is required for any of the purposes of this Act, such land shall be deemed to be needed for a public purpose within the meaning of section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894). STATE AMENDMENT Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh (UTs).-- Section 84A.-After section 84, insert the following section, namely:- 84A. Application of the Act to land.- The Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare that any of the provisions of this Act shall apply to any land which is the property of the Government of the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir or the Central Government, and thereupon such provisions shall apply to such land accordingly. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O.3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).]

When any person, in accordance with any provision of this Act, or in compliance with any rule made thereunder, binds himself by any bond or instrument to perform any duty or act, or covenants by any bond or instrument that he, or that he and his servants and agents will abstain from any act, the whole sum mentioned in such bond or instrument as the amount to be paid in case of a breach of the conditions thereof may, notwithstanding anything in section 74 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (9 of 1872), be recovered from him in case of such breach as if it were an arrear of land-revenue. STATE AMENDMENTS Maharashtra.-- Amendment of section 85 of Act XVI of 1927.--Section 85 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927, shall be renumbered, as sub-section (1) of that section, and after sub-section (1) so renumbered the following subsection shall be added, namely:-- "(2) If any question arises--

1. (a) whether there has been a breach of any of the conditions of such bond or instrument,
2. (b) as to the sum to be paid for such breach,
3. (c) as to the person or persons liable to pay such sum, the question shall be referred to and, after giving notice to the person concerned and after considering his objections (if any), be decided by an officer, not below the rank of a Divisional Forest Officer, authorized by the Government in this behalf. The person aggrieved by the decision of such officer may, within a period of sixty days from the date of such decision, appeal to the State Government or such other appellate authority as the State Government may appoint in this behalf. The decision of such officer, subject to an appeal to the appellate authority, and the decision of the appellate authority on such appeal, shall be final." [Vide Bombay Act X of 1956, s. 2] Amendment of section 85 of Act XVI of 1927.--In sub-section (2) of section 85 of the Indian Forest act, 1927 (XVI of 1927), for the words "Divisional Forest Officer" the words "Sub-Divisional Forest Officer" shall be substituted. [Vide Bombay Act XXVI of 1957, s. 2]

1[85A. Saving for rights of Central Government.--Nothing in this Act shall authorise a Government of any State to make any order or do anything in relation to any property not vested in that State or otherwise prejudice any rights of the Central Government or the Government of any other State without the consent of the Government concerned.]

[Repeals].--Rep. by the Repealing and Amending Act, 1948 (2 of 1948), s. 2 and the Schedule.