Chapter XVII ADVANCE RULING

95. In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires, (a) "advance ruling" means a decision provided by the Authority or the Appellate Authority [or the National Appellate Authority] to an applicant on matters or on questions specified in sub-section (2) of section 97 or sub-section (1) of section 100 [or of Section 101 C of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act], in relation to the supply of goods or services or both being undertaken or proposed to be undertaken by the applicant;

1. (b) "Appellate Authority" means the Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling constituted under section 99; ( c ) "applicant" means any person registered or desirous of obtaining registration under this Act;
2. (d) "application" means an application made to the Authority under sub-section (1) of section 97;
3. (e) "Authority" means the Authority for Advance Ruling, constituted under section 96; **[(f ) “National Appellate Authority” means, the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling referred to in section 101A.]

96. (1) The Government shall, by notification, constitute an Authority to be known as the Puducherry Authority for Advance Ruling: Provided that the Government may, on the recommendation of the Council, notify any Authority located in another State to act as the Authority for the State.

1. (2) The Authority shall consist of, (i) one member from amongst the officers of central tax; and
   • (ii) one member from amongst the officers of State tax, to be appointed by the Central Government and the State Government, respectively.
2. (3) The qualifications, the method of appointment of the members and the terms and conditions of their services shall be such as may be prescribed.

97. (1) An applicant desirous of obtaining an advance ruling under this Chapter may make an application in such form and manner and accompanied by such fee as may be prescribed, stating the question on which the advance ruling is sought.

1. (2) The question on which the advance ruling is sought under this Act, shall be in respect of, (a) classification of any goods or services or both;
   • (b) applicability of a notification issued under the provisions of this Act;
   • (c) determination of time and value of supply of goods or services or both;
   • (d) admissibility of input tax credit of tax paid or deemed to have been paid;
   • (e) determination of the liability to pay tax on any goods or services or both;
   • (f) whether applicant is required to be registered;
   • (g) whether any particular thing done by the applicant with respect to any goods or services or both amounts to or results in a supply of goods or services or both, within the meaning of that term.

98. (1) On receipt of an application, the Authority shall cause a copy thereof to be forwarded to the concerned officer and, if necessary, call upon him to furnish the relevant records: Provided that where any records have been called for by the Authority in any case, such records shall, as soon as possible, be returned to the said concerned officer.

1. (2) The Authority may, after examining the application and the records called for and after hearing the applicant or his authorised representative and the concerned officer or his authorised representative, by order, either admit or reject the application: Provided that the Authority shall not admit the application where the question raised in the application is already pending or decided in any proceedings in the case of an applicant under any of the provisions of this Act: Provided further that no application shall be rejected under this sub-section unless an opportunity of hearing has been given to the applicant: Provided also that where the application is rejected, the reasons for such rejection shall be specified in the order.
2. (3) A copy of every order made under sub-section (2) shall be sent to the applicant and to the concerned officer.
3. (4) Where an application is admitted under sub-section (2), the Authority shall, after examining such further material as may be placed before it by the applicant or obtained by the Authority and after providing an opportunity of being heard to the applicant or his authorised representative as well as to the concerned officer or his authorised representative, pronounce its advance ruling on the question specified in the application.
4. (5) Where the members of the Authority differ on any question on which the advance ruling is sought, they shall state the point or points on which they differ and make a reference to the Appellate Authority for hearing and decision on such question.
5. (6) The Authority shall pronounce its advance ruling in writing within ninety days from the date of receipt of application.
6. (7) A copy of the advance ruling pronounced by the Authority duly signed by the members and certified in such manner as may be prescribed shall be sent to the applicant, the concerned officer and the jurisdictional officer after such pronouncement.

99. The Government shall, by notification, constitute an Authority to be known as Puducherry Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling for Goods and Services Tax for hearing appeals against the advance ruling pronounced by the Advance Ruling Authority, consisting of, (i) the Chief Commissioner of central tax as designated by the Board; and

1. (ii) the Commissioner of State tax:

Appeal to Appellate Authority 100. (1) The concerned officer, the jurisdictional officer or an applicant aggrieved by any advance ruling pronounced under sub-section (4) of section 98, may appeal to the Appellate Authority.

1. (2) Every appeal under this section shall be filed within a period of thirty days from the date on which the ruling sought to be appealed against is communicated to the concerned officer, the jurisdictional officer and the applicant: Provided that the Appellate Authority may, if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by a sufficient cause from presenting the appeal within the said period of thirty days, allow it to be presented within a further period not exceeding thirty days.
2. (3) Every appeal under this section shall be in such form, accompanied by such fee and verified in such manner as may be prescribed.

101. (1) The Appellate Authority may, after giving the parties to the appeal or reference an opportunity of being heard, pass such order as it thinks fit, confirming or modifying the ruling appealed against or referred to.

1. (2) The order referred to in sub-section (1) shall be passed within a period of ninety days from the date of filing of the appeal under section 100 or a reference under sub-section (5) of section 98.
2. (3) Where the members of the Appellate Authority differ on any point or points referred to in appeal or reference, it shall be deemed that no advance ruling can be issued in respect of the question under the appeal or reference.
3. (4) A copy of the advance ruling pronounced by the Appellate Authority duly signed by the Members and certified in such manner as may be prescribed shall be sent to the applicant, the concerned officer, the jurisdictional officer and to the Authority after such pronouncement.

**[“101A. Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, for the purpose of this Act, the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling constituted under section 101A of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act shall be deemed to be the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling under this Act.”].

102. The Authority or the Appellate Authority [or the National Appellate Authority] may amend any order passed by it under section 98 or section 101, [or section 101C of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, respectively] so as to rectify any error apparent on the face of the record, if such error is noticed by the Authority or the Appellate Authority [or the National Appellate Authority] on its own accord, or is brought to its notice by the concerned officer, the jurisdictional officer, or the applicant [appellant, the Authority or the Appellate Authority] within a period of six months from the date of the order: Provided that no rectification which has the effect of enhancing the tax liability or reducing the amount of admissible input tax credit shall be made unless the applicant or the appellant has been given an opportunity of being heard.

103. (1) The advance ruling pronounced by the Authority or the Appellate Authority under this Chapter shall be binding only, (a) on the applicant who had sought it in respect of any matter referred to in sub-section (2) of section 97 for advance ruling;

1. (b) on the concerned officer or the jurisdictional officer in respect of the applicant. **[“(1A) The Advance Ruling pronounced by the “National Applellate Authority under this Chapter shall be binding on, (a) the applicants, being distinct persons, who had sought the ruling under sub-section (1) of section 101B of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act and all registered persons having the same Permanent Account Number issued under the Income-tax Act, 1961 (Central Act No. 43 of 1961);
2. (b) the concerned officers and the jurisdictional officers in respect of the applicants referred to in clause (a) and the registered persons having the same Permanent Account Number issued under the Income-tax Act, 1961 (Central Act No. 43 of 1961).”].

1. (2) The advance ruling referred to in sub-section (1) **[and sub-section 1(A)] shall be binding unless the law, facts or circumstances supporting the original advance ruling have changed.

104. (1) Where the Authority or the Appellate Authority [or the National Appellate Authority] finds that advance ruling pronounced by it under sub-section (4) of section 98 or under sub-section (1) of section 101 [or under section 101C of the central goods and Services Tax Act] has been obtained by the applicant or the appellant by fraud or suppression of material facts or misrepresentation of facts, it may, by order, declare such ruling to be void ab-initio and thereupon all the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder shall apply to the applicant or the appellant as if such advance ruling had never been made: Provided that no order shall be passed under this sub-section unless an opportunity of being heard has been given to the applicant or the appellant. Explanation., The period beginning with the date of such advance ruling and ending with the date of order under this sub-section shall be excluded while computing the period specified in sub-sections (2) and (10) of section 73 or sub-sections (2) and (10) of section 74.

1. (2) A copy of the order made under sub-section (1) shall be sent to the applicant, the concerned officer and the jurisdictional officer.

105. (1) The Authority or the Appellate Authority or the National Appellate Authority shall, for the purpose of exercising its powers regarding, (a) discovery and inspection;

1. (b) enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
2. (c) issuing commissions and compelling production of books of account and other records, have all the powers of a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Central Act 5 of 1908).

1. (2) The Authority or the Appellate Authority or the National Appellate Authority shall be deemed to be a civil court for the purposes of section 195, but not for the purposes of Chapter XXVI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Central Act 2 of 1974), and every proceeding before the Authority or the Appellate Authority or the National Appellate Authority shall be deemed to be a judicial proceedings within the meaning of sections 193 and 228, and for the purpose of section 196 of the Indian Penal Code (Central Act 45 of 1860).

106.

Central Goods and Services Tax Act by an adjudicating authority may appeal to such Appellate

Au th or it y as may b e pr es cr ibe d wi th in t hr ee mon th s fr om th e da te o n wh ic h th e sa id

decision or order is communicated to such person.

(2 ) Th e Co mmis si on er may, on h is ow n mo ti on , or u po n re qu es t fr om t he

Commissioner of central tax, call for and examine the record of any proceeding in which an adjudicating authority has passed any decision or order under this Act or the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, for the purpose of satisfying himself as to the legality or propriety of the said decision or order and may, by order, direct any officer subordinate to him to apply to the Appellate Authority within six months from the date of communication of the said decision or order for the determination of such points arising out of the said decision or order as may be specified by the Commissioner in his order.

1. (3) Where, in pursuance of an order under sub-section (2), the authorised officer makes an application to the Appellate Authority, such application shall be dealt with by the

Ap pe lla te A uth or ity a s if it we re a n a pp eal mad e a ga ins t th e d ec isi on o r o rd er of t he

adjudicating authority and such authorised officer were an appellant and the provisions of this Act relating to appeals shall apply to such application.

1. (4) The Appellate Authority may, if he is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from presenting the appeal within the aforesaid period of three months or six months, as the case may be, allow it to be presented within a further period of one mo n t h .
2. (5) Every appeal under this section shall be in such form and shall be verified in such manner as may be prescribed.
3. (6) No appeal shall be filed under sub-section (1), unless the appellant has paid—

( a )in fu ll, su ch par t o f t he amo unt of t ax, in ter est , f ine , f ee and pe nal ty

arising from the impugned order, as is admitted by him; and ( b )a sum equal to ten per cent. of the remaining amount of tax in dispute arising from the said order, *[subject to a maximum of twenty-five crore rupees,] in relation to which the appeal has been filed.

1. (7) Where the appellant has paid the amount under sub-section (6), the recovery proceedings for the balance amount shall be deemed to be stayed.
2. (8) The Appellate Authority shall give an opportunity to the appellant of being heard.
3. (9) The Appellate Authority may, if sufficient cause is shown at any stage of hearing of an appeal, grant time to the parties or any of them and adjourn the hearing of the appeal for reasons to be recorded in writing: *Amendedvide Act No. 7 of 2018 w.e.f. 1 st day of February, 2019. 94 Provided that no such adjournment shall be granted more than three times to a party during hearing of the appeal.
4. (10) The Appellate Authority may, at the time of hearing of an appeal, allow an appellant to add any ground of appeal not specified in the grounds of appeal, if it is satisfied that the omission of that ground from the grounds of appeal was not wilful or unreasonable.
5. (11) The Appellate Authority shall, after making such further inquiry as may be necessary, pass such order, as it thinks just and proper, confirming, modifying or annulling the decision or order appealed against but shall not refer the case back to the adjudicating authority that passed the said decision or order: Provided that an order enhancing any fee or penalty or finein lieuof confiscation or confiscating goods of greater value or reducing the amount of refund or input tax credit shall not be passed unless the appellant has been given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against the proposed order: Provided further that where the Appellate Authority is of the opinion that any tax has not been paid or short-paid or erroneously refunded, or where input tax credit has been wrongly availed or utilized, no order requiring the appellant to pay such tax or input tax credit shall be passed unless the appellant is given notice to show cause against the proposed order and the order is passed within the time limit specified under section 73 or section 74.
6. (12) The order of the Appellate Authority disposing of the appeal shall be in writing and shall state the points for determination, the decision thereon and the reasons for such decision.
7. (13) The Appellate Authority shall, where it is possible to do so, hear and decide every appeal within a period of one year from the date on which it is filed:

Pr ovid ed t ha t wh er e th e is su an ce o f ord er i s st ayed b y an o rd er o f a co ur t or

Tribunal, the period of such stay shall be excluded in computing the period of one year.

1. (14) On disposal of the appeal, the Appellate Authority shall communicate the order passed by it to the appellant, respondent and to the adjudicating authority.
2. (15) A copy of the order passed by the Appellate Authority shall also be sent to the

Co mmis si on er o r th e au th or it y de si gn at ed by h im i n th is b eh al f an d th e ju ri sd ic ti on al

Commissioner of central tax or an authority designated by him in this behalf.

(1 6) E ve ry o rd er p as se d un de r th is s ec ti on s ha ll , su bj ec t to t he p ro vi si on s of

section 108 or section 113 or section 117 or section 118 be final and binding on the parties.

Pow ers of Revisional Authority

Powers of Revisional Authority 108. (1) Subject to the provisions of section 121 and any rules made thereunder, the Revisional Authority may, on his own motion, or upon information received by him or on request from the Commissioner of central tax, call for and examine the record of any proceedings, and if he considers that any decision or order passed under this Act or under the Central Goods and Services Tax Act by any officer subordinate to him is erroneous in so far as it is prejudicial to the interest of revenue and is illegal or improper or has not taken into account certain material facts, whether available at the time of issuance of the said order or not or in consequence of an observation by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, he may, if necessary, stay the operation of such decision or order for such period as he deems fit and after giving the person concerned an opportunity of being heard and after making such further inquiry as may be necessary, pass such order, as he thinks just and proper, including enhancing or modifying or annulling the said decision or order.

1. (2) The Revisional Authority shall not exercise any power under sub-section (1), if, (a) the order has been subject to an appeal under section 107 or section 112 or section 117 or section 118; or
   • (b) the period specified under sub-section (2) of section 107 has not yet expired or more than three years have expired after the passing of the decision or order sought to be revised; or
   • (c) the order has already been taken for revision under this section at an earlier stage; or
   • (d) the order has been passed in exercise of the powers under sub-section (1): Provided that the Revisional Authority may pass an order under sub-section (1) on any point which has not been raised and decided in an appeal referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (2), before the expiry of a period of one year from the date of the order in such appeal or before the expiry of a period of three years referred to in clause (b) of that sub-section, whichever is later.
2. (3) Every order passed in revision under sub-section (1) shall, subject to the provisions of section 113 or section 117 or section 118, be final and binding on the parties.
3. (4) If the said decision or order involves an issue on which the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court has given its decision in some other proceedings and an appeal to the High Court or the Supreme Court against such decision of the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court is pending, the period spent between the date of the decision of the Appellate Tribunal and the date of the decision of the High Court or the date of the decision of the High Court and the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall be excluded in computing the period of limitation referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (2) where proceedings for revision have been initiated by way of issue of a notice under this section.
4. (5) Where the issuance of an order under sub-section (1) is stayed by the order of a court or Appellate Tribunal, the period of such stay shall be excluded in computing the period of limitation referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (2).
5. (6) For the purposes of this section, the term, (i) "record" shall include all records relating to any proceedings under this Act available at the time of examination by the Revisional Authority;
   • (ii) "decision" shall include intimation given by any officer lower in rank than the Revisional Authority.

109. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, the Goods and Services Tax Tribunal constituted under the Central Goods and Services Tax Act shall be the Appellate Tribunal for hearing appeals against the orders passed by the Appellate Authority or the Revisional Authority under this Act.

1. (2) The constitution and jurisdiction of the State Bench and the Area Benches located in the State shall be in accordance with the provisions of section 109 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act or the rules made thereunder.

110. The qualifications, appointment, salary and allowances, terms of office, resignation and removal of the President and Members of the State Bench and Area Benches shall be in accordance with the provisions of section 110 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act.

111. (1) The Appellate Tribunal shall not, while disposing of any proceedings before it or an appeal before it, be bound by the procedure laid down in the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Central Act 5 of 1908), but shall be guided by the principles of natural justice and subject to the other provisions of this Act and the rules made thereunder, the Appellate Tribunal shall have power to regulate its own procedure.

1. (2) The Appellate Tribunal shall, for the purposes of discharging its functions under this Act, have the same powers as are vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Central Act 5 of 1908), while trying a suit in respect of the following matters, namely:, (a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
   • (b) requiring the discovery and production of documents;
   • (c) receiving evidence on affidavits;
   • (d) subject to the provisions of sections 123 and 124 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (Central Act 1 of 1872), requisitioning any public record or document or a copy of such record or document from any office;
   • (e) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents;
   • (f) dismissing a representation for default or deciding it ex parte;
   • (g) setting aside any order of dismissal of any representation for default or any order passed by it ex parte; and
   • (h) any other matter which may be prescribed.
2. (3) Any order made by the Appellate Tribunal may be enforced by it in the same manner as if it were a decree made by a court in a suit pending therein, and it shall be lawful for the Appellate Tribunal to send for execution of its orders to the court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction, (a) in the case of an order against a company, the registered office of the company is situated; or
   • (b) in the case of an order against any other person, the person concerned voluntarily resides or carries on business or personally works for gain.
3. (4) All proceedings before the Appellate Tribunal shall be deemed to be judicial proceedings within the meaning of sections 193 and 228, and for the purposes of section 196 of the Indian Penal Code (Central Act 45 of 1860), and the Appellate Tribunal shall be deemed to be civil court for the purposes of section 195 and Chapter XXVI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Central Act 2 of 1974).

112. (1) Any person aggrieved by an order passed against him under section 107 or section 108 of this Act or the Central Goods and Services Tax Act may appeal to the Appellate Tribunal against such order within three months from the date on which the order sought to be appealed against is communicated to the person preferring the appeal.

1. (2) The Appellate Tribunal may, in its discretion, refuse to admit any such appeal where the tax or input tax credit involved or the difference in tax or input tax credit involved or the amount of fine, fee or penalty determined by such order, does not exceed fifty thousand rupees.
2. (3) The Commissioner may, on his own motion, or upon request from the Commissioner of central tax, call for and examine the record of any order passed by the Appellate Authority or the Revisional Authority under this Act or under the Central Goods and Services Tax Act for the purpose of satisfying himself as to the legality or propriety of the said order and may, by order, direct any officer subordinate to him to apply to the Appellate Tribunal within six months from the date on which the said order has been passed for determination of such points arising out of the said order as may be specified by the Commissioner in his order.
3. (4) Where in pursuance of an order under sub-section (3) the authorised officer makes an application to the Appellate Tribunal, such application shall be dealt with by the Appellate Tribunal as if it were an appeal made against the order under sub-section (11) of section 107 or under sub-section (1) of section 108 and the provisions of this Act shall apply to such application, as they apply in relation to appeals filed under sub-section (1).
4. (5) On receipt of notice that an appeal has been preferred under this section, the party against whom the appeal has been preferred may, notwithstanding that he may not have appealed against such order or any part thereof, file, within forty-five days of the receipt of notice, a memorandum of cross-objections, verified in the prescribed manner, against any part of the order appealed against and such memorandum shall be disposed of by the Appellate Tribunal, as if it were an appeal presented within the time specified in sub-section (1).
5. (6) The Appellate Tribunal may admit an appeal within three months after the expiry of the period referred to in sub-section (1), or permit the filing of a memorandum of cross-objections within forty-five days after the expiry of the period referred to in sub-section (5), if it is satisfied that there was sufficient cause for not presenting it within that period.
6. (7) An appeal to the Appellate Tribunal shall be in such form, verified in such manner and shall be accompanied by such fee, as may be prescribed.
7. (8) No appeal shall be filed under sub-section (1), unless the appellant has paid, (a) in full, such part of the amount of tax, interest, fine, fee and penalty arising from the impugned order, as is admitted by him; and
   • (b) a sum equal to twenty per cent. of the remaining amount of tax in dispute, in addition to the amount paid under sub-section (6) of section 107, arising from the said order, *[subject to a maximum of fifty crore rupees] in relation to which the appeal has been filed.
8. (9) Where the appellant has paid the amount as per sub-section (8), the recovery proceedings for the balance amount shall be stayed till the disposal of the appeal.
9. (10) Every application made before the Appellate Tribunal, (a) in an appeal for rectification of error or for any other purpose; or
   • (b) for restoration of an appeal or an application, shall be accompanied by such fees as may be prescribed.

113. (1) The Appellate Tribunal may, after giving the parties to the appeal an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders thereon as it thinks fit, confirming, modifying or annulling the decision or order appealed against or may refer the case back to the Appellate Authority, or the Revisional Authority or to the original adjudicating authority, with such directions as it may think fit, for a fresh adjudication or decision after taking additional evidence, if necessary.

1. (2) The Appellate Tribunal may, if sufficient cause is shown, at any stage of hearing of an appeal, grant time to the parties or any of them and adjourn the hearing of the appeal for reasons to be recorded in writing: Provided that no such adjournment shall be granted more than three times to a party during hearing of the appeal.
2. (3) The Appellate Tribunal may amend any order passed by it under sub-section (1) so as to rectify any error apparent on the face of the record, if such error is noticed by it on its own accord, or is brought to its notice by the Commissioner or the Commissioner of central tax or the other party to the appeal within a period of three months from the date of the order: Provided that no amendment which has the effect of enhancing an assessment or reducing a refund or input tax credit or otherwise increasing the liability of the other party, shall be made under this sub-section, unless the party has been given an opportunity of being heard.
3. (4) The Appellate Tribunal shall, as far as possible, hear and decide every appeal within a period of one year from the date on which it is filed.
4. (5) The Appellate Tribunal shall send a copy of every order passed under this section to the Appellate Authority or the Revisional Authority, or the original adjudicating authority, as the case may be, the appellant and the Commissioner or the jurisdictional Commissioner of central tax.
5. (6) Save as provided in section 117 or section 118, orders passed by the Appellate Tribunal on an appeal shall be final and binding on the parties.

114. The State President shall exercise such financial and administrative powers over the State Bench and Area Benches of the Appellate Tribunal in a State, as may be prescribed: Provided that the State President shall have the authority to delegate such of his financial and administrative powers as he may think fit to any other Member or any officer of the State Bench or Area Benches, subject to the condition that such Member or officer shall, while exercising such delegated powers, continue to act under the direction, control and supervision of the State President.

115. Where an amount paid by the appellant under sub-section (6) of section 107 or sub-section (8) of section 112 is required to be refunded consequent to any order of the Appellate Authority or of the Appellate Tribunal, interest at the rate specified under section 56 shall be payable in respect of such refund from the date of payment of the amount till the date of refund of such amount.

116. (1) Any person who is entitled or required to appear before an officer appointed under this Act, or the Appellate Authority or the Appellate Tribunal in connection with any proceedings under this Act, may, otherwise than when required under this Act to appear personally for examination on oath or affirmation, subject to the other provisions of this section, appear by an authorised representative.

1. (2) For the purposes of this Act, the expression "authorised representative" shall mean a person authorised by the person referred to in sub-section (1) to appear on his behalf, being, (a) his relative or regular employee; or
   • (b) an advocate who is entitled to practice in any court in India, and who has not been debarred from practising before any court in India; or
   • (c) any chartered accountant, a cost accountant or a company secretary, who holds a certificate of practice and who has not been debarred from practice; or
   • (d) a retired officer of the Commercial Tax Department of any State Government or Union territory or of the Board who, during his service under the Government, had worked in a post not below the rank than that of a Group-B Gazetted officer for a period of not less than two years: Provided that such officer shall not be entitled to appear before any proceedings under this Act for a period of one year from the date of his retirement or resignation; or
   • (e) any person who has been authorised to act as a goods and services tax practitioner on behalf of the concerned registered person.
2. (3) No person, (a) who has been dismissed or removed from Government service; or
   • (b) who is convicted of an offence connected with any proceedings under this Act, the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act or the Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Act, or under the existing law or under any of the Acts passed by a State Legislature dealing with the imposition of taxes on sale of goods or supply of goods or services or both; or
   • (c) who is found guilty of misconduct by the prescribed authority; or
   • (d) who has been adjudged as an insolvent, shall be qualified to represent any person under sub-section (1), (i) for all times in case of persons referred to in clauses (a) (b) and (c); and
     • (ii) for the period during which the insolvency continues in the case of a person referred to in clause (d).
3. (4) Any person who has been disqualified under the provisions of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act or the Goods and Services Tax Act of any other State or the Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Act shall be deemed to be disqualified under this Act.

117. (1) Any person aggrieved by any order passed by the State Bench or Area Benches of the Appellate Tribunal may file an appeal to the High Court and the High Court may admit such appeal, if it is satisfied that the case involves a substantial question of law.

1. (2) An appeal under sub-section (1) shall be filed within a period of one hundred and eighty days from the date on which the order appealed against is received by the aggrieved person and it shall be in such form, verified in such manner as may be prescribed: Provided that the High Court may entertain an appeal after the expiry of the said period if it is satisfied that there was sufficient cause for not filing it within such period.
2. (3) Where the High Court is satisfied that a substantial question of law is involved in any case, it shall formulate that question and the appeal shall be heard only on the question so formulated, and the respondents shall, at the hearing of the appeal, be allowed to argue that the case does not involve such question: Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall be deemed to take away or abridge the power of the court to hear, for reasons to be recorded, the appeal on any other substantial question of law not formulated by it, if it is satisfied that the case involves such question.
3. (4) The High Court shall decide the question of law so formulated and deliver such judgment thereon containing the grounds on which such decision is founded and may award such cost as it deems fit.
4. (5) The High Court may determine any issue which, (a) has not been determined by the State Bench or Area Benches; or
   • (b) has been wrongly determined by the State Bench or Area Benches, by reason of a decision on such question of law as herein referred to in sub-section (3).
5. (6) Where an appeal has been filed before the High Court, it shall be heard by a Bench of not less than two Judges of the High Court, and shall be decided in accordance with the opinion of such Judges or of the majority, if any, of such Judges.
6. (7) Where there is no such majority, the Judges shall state the point of law upon which they differ and the case shall, then, be heard upon that point only, by one or more of the other Judges of the High Court and such point shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority of the Judges who have heard the case including those who first heard it.
7. (8) Where the High Court delivers a judgment in an appeal filed before it under this section, effect shall be given to such judgment by either side on the basis of a certified copy of the judgment.
8. (9) Save as otherwise provided in this Act, the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Central Act 5 of 1908), relating to appeals to the High Court shall, as far as may be, apply in the case of appeals under this section.

118. (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court, (a) from any order passed by the National Bench or Regional Benches of the Appellate Tribunal; or

1. (b) from any judgment or order passed by the High Court in an appeal made under section 117 in any case which, on its own motion or on an application made by or on behalf of the party aggrieved, immediately after passing of the judgment or order, the High Court certifies to be a fit one for appeal to the Supreme Court.

1. (2) The provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Central Act 5 of 1908), relating to appeals to the Supreme Court shall, so far as may be, apply in the case of appeals under this section as they apply in the case of appeals from decrees of a High Court.
2. (3) Where the judgment of the High Court is varied or reversed in the appeal, effect shall be given to the order of the Supreme Court in the manner provided in section 117 in the case of a judgment of the High Court.

119. Notwithstanding that an appeal has been preferred to the High Court or the Supreme Court, sums due to the Government as a result of an order passed by the National or Regional Benches of the Appellate Tribunal under sub-section (1) of section 113 or an order passed by the State Bench or Area Benches of the Appellate Tribunal under sub-section (1) of section 113 or an order passed by the High Court under section 117, as the case may be, shall be payable in accordance with the order so passed.

120. (1) The Commissioner may, on the recommendations of the Council, from time to time, issue orders or instructions or directions fixing such monetary limits, as he may deem fit, for the purposes of regulating the filing of appeal or application by the officer of the State tax under the provisions of this Chapter.

1. (2) Where, in pursuance of the orders or instructions or directions issued under sub-section (1), the officer of the State tax has not filed an appeal or application against any decision or order passed under the provisions of this Act, it shall not preclude such officer of the State tax from filing appeal or application in any other case involving the same or similar issues or questions of law.
2. (3) Notwithstanding the fact that no appeal or application has been filed by the officer of the State tax pursuant to the orders or instructions or directions issued under sub-section (1), no person, being a party in appeal or application shall contend that the officer of the State tax has acquiesced in the decision on the disputed issue by not filing an appeal or application.
3. (4) The Appellate Tribunal or court hearing such appeal or application shall have regard to the circumstances under which appeal or application was not filed by the officer of the State tax in pursuance of the orders or instructions or directions issued under sub-section (1).

121. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any provisions of this Act, no appeal shall lie against any decision taken or order passed by an officer of State tax if such decision taken or order passed relates to any one or more of the following matters, namely:, (a) an order of the Commissioner or other authority empowered to direct transfer of proceedings from one officer to another officer; or

1. (b) an order pertaining to the seizure or retention of books of account, register and other documents; or
2. (c) an order sanctioning prosecution under this Act; or
3. (d) an order passed under section 80.